Vol. 9, Issue 4, Part A (2025)

Road traffic accidents remain a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where rapid urbanization, increased motorization, and inadequate road safety measures contribute to a rising burden of trauma. Among the various injuries sustained, long bone fractures represent a significant proportion due to their association with high-energy mechanisms, functional disability, prolonged hospitalization, and socioeconomic impact. Understanding the epidemiological and anatomical patterns of long bone fractures resulting from road traffic accidents is essential for optimizing preventive strategies, trauma system planning, and clinical management. This research aims to describe the distribution, frequency, and characteristics of road traffic accident-related long bone fractures presenting to a tertiary care hospital. A descriptive observational approach was adopted to analyze patients admitted with radiologically confirmed long bone fractures following road traffic accidents over a defined period. Data regarding age, sex, mechanism of injury, type of vehicle involved, anatomical site of fracture, laterality, and associated injuries were systematically evaluated. The analysis revealed a predominance of young adult males, reflecting higher exposure to road traffic risks and occupational mobility. Two-wheeler-related accidents constituted the most common mechanism, followed by collisions involving four-wheelers and pedestrians. Lower limb long bones, particularly the tibia and femur, were more frequently affected than upper limb bones, underscoring the vulnerability of these structures during high-impact crashes. A considerable proportion of patients sustained multiple fractures or associated injuries, highlighting the severity of trauma encountered at tertiary care centers. The findings emphasize the need for targeted road safety interventions, improved enforcement of traffic regulations, and public awareness programs focusing on high-risk groups. From a clinical perspective, recognizing prevalent fracture patterns can aid in resource allocation, early orthopaedic intervention, and rehabilitation planning. This research contributes to existing trauma literature by providing region-specific data that may support policy formulation and enhance trauma care delivery in similar healthcare settings.